Vision changes are common as you get older. You may have to hold a book a little closer to read or struggle to see clearly in low light. While some changes are a normal part of aging, others could be signs of more serious eye conditions. One such condition is macular degeneration or age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This condition affects the macula, the part of the retina that allows us to see objects directly in front of us.
The risk of developing AMD increases as we get older. In fact, the older we are, the more likely we are to develop this eye condition. But age isn’t the only factor. A variety of risk factors, including family history, lifestyle choices, and even race, can also play a role. Understanding these risks is essential for early detection and taking steps to protect your vision. Let’s explore who is most at risk for macular degeneration and what you can do to maintain healthy eyes as you age.
Race and ethnicity
Your race and ethnicity can affect your risk of developing AMD. Research shows that Caucasians are more likely to develop AMD compared to African Americans or Hispanics. This may be due to genetic differences that affect how the eyes age. Being aware of this risk factor can help you take steps to protect your eyes.
Diet and weight
Are you eating a diet rich in leafy greens, fruits, nuts, and fish? Or is your diet high in unhealthy fats and processed foods? Your diet can impact your risk for AMD. Diets high in saturated fats can lead to fatty deposits in the retina, while foods high in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids can help protect your eyes. Maintaining a healthy weight is also important, as obesity is linked to a higher risk of developing AMD.
Family history and genetics
If someone in your family, like a parent or sibling, has AMD, you might be more likely to develop it, too. Scientists have discovered that certain genes are linked to AMD, which means the condition can be hereditary. If you have a family history of AMD, it’s a good idea to get regular eye exams and talk to your eye doctor about your risk.
Smoking
Smokers are two to four times more likely to develop AMD than non-smokers. Smoking reduces blood flow to the retina and increases harmful oxidative stress in the eyes. Quitting smoking can significantly lower your risk, no matter your age.
Heart health
Did you know that your heart health is linked to your eye health? Conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease can increase your risk of AMD. These conditions can reduce blood flow to your retina, leading to damage over time. You can protect your eyes by exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, and managing any medical conditions.
Gender
Women are more likely than men to develop AMD, partly because they tend to live longer, increasing the chances of developing AMD. Knowing this, it’s even more important for women to be proactive about eye health and regular eye exams.
Sun exposure
Do you often forget your sunglasses when heading outside? Long-term exposure to UV rays from the sun can increase your risk of AMD. UV light can damage the retina, contributing to the development of AMD. Protect your eyes by wearing sunglasses that block 100% of UV rays and wearing wide-brimmed hats when you’re outside.
Tips for protecting your eyes
While some risk factors for AMD, like age and genetics, are out of your control, there are several steps you can take to reduce your risk:
- Quit smoking if you smoke and avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.
- Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids.
- Stay active and maintain a healthy weight.
- Manage any health conditions such as high blood pressure and cholesterol.
- Wear sunglasses and hats to protect your eyes from UV rays whenever you’re outside.
- Schedule regular eye exams in Bristol at Family Eye Care to monitor your vision and catch any early signs of AMD.
At Family Eye Care, we can diagnose macular degeneration in its early stages and recommend treatments to help slow its progression. For patients who are at risk of developing macular degeneration or who already show early signs, we offer MacuHealth supplements, which are specifically designed to support eye health and reduce the risk of further vision loss. If you’re concerned about your risk for AMD or want to learn more about how to protect your vision, schedule an appointment with us today.